... the “social glue” that is in shorter supply when there are ethnolinguistic divisions (Easterly ... 8
Varshney (2001) expands on this theme in India, showing that ethnic violence is ... 9 The notion
of (ethno)linguistic fractionalization definitely begs operations on social cohesion within the ...

... This variable is a good instrument because, in accordance with Shleifer and Vishny
(1993)arguments, more fractionalized countries tend to have more dishonest bureaucracies.
The index of ethnolinguistic fractionalization has a correlation coefficient of 0.36 (significant at ...

... for the overlapping sample of countries the correlation between his ethnolinguistic fractionalization
variable and ... in Section 5, we examine measures of polarization, rather than fractionalization,
since many ... fractionalized country in our sample, has 13 separate ethnic groups: the ...

In most studies of the impact of ethnic diversity on economic growth, diversity is
hypothesized to affect growth through its effect on macroeconomic policies. This article
shows that most measures of ethnic diversity (including the commonly used ELF measure) ...

... to controlling for endogeneity by using an index of ethnolinguistic fractional- ization as an ...
Ethnolinguistic fraction- alization is highly correlated with corruption and other institu- tional
variables. ... sources of endogeneity bias, I use an index of ethnolinguistic fractionalization as an ...

... We focus most of our attention on a measure of ethnolinguistic diversity, ETHNIC, that measures
the probability that two randomly selected individuals in a country belong to different
ethnolinguistic groups. ETHNIC is derived from Soviet data collected in the early 1960s. ...

... Their list of ``ethnolinguistic'' groups and population figures has been employed by several
generations of political scientists, sociologists, and, more ... By the ethnic fractionalization measure
discussed in the next section, PNG approximates a perfectly fractionalized state. ...

... ethnic groups in the Atlas Nadorov Mira (henceforth ANM), source of the traditional index of ethno-
linguistic fractionalization (ELF), is ... Figure 1 pre- sents the relationship between ethnolinguistic ...
FIGURE 1. ETHNIC FRACTIONALIZATION VERSUS POLARIZATION Source: WCE ...